Research: notes on article

Camerawork

Camera movement can be used to accompany movement of performers (walking, dancing etc.)

Camera movement can be used to create a more dynamic feel to a performance.

Close ups can create a sense of intimacy between the viewer ns subject of the video. They can emphasize the product, the song and the artist.

Editing

The most common form of editing associated with music videos is fast cut montage; this can make it difficult to completely view all of the images on the first viewing, therefore ensuring multiple viewings.

Slow pace and gentler transitions are used to help create different moods- this combination is often used for solo female singers.

Effects such as split screens; colorization and CGI provide different types of pleasure for the audience.

Star Image

In 1979, Richard Dyer said, "a star is an image constructed from a range of materials"

For example, for pop music these materials are:

▪ Songs- their lyrical themes and musical structures/genres can present the artist in a certain way

▪ Record covers- singles and albums and the image of the star they present

▪ Media coverage- from interviews about career and private life through tabloid gossip

▪ Live performance- the image through the stage show

▪  Music videos: music videos reinforce existing image of the artist and takes that image further 

Voyeurism

The idea stemmed from Freud and is often used in media studies: “the practice of obtaining sexual gratification by looking at sexual objects or acts.”

Male gaze;

The male viewer's gaze is geared to notions of voyeurism in that is a powerful controlling gaze at the objectified female on display.

Goodwin argues that the female performer will be frequently objectified in this fashion, often through a combination of camerawork and editing with fragmented body shots emphasizing a sexualized treatment of the star.

However in recent years stars such as Madonna have taken control of their provocative and sexualized representation.